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Figure 4 | Veterinary Research

Figure 4

From: Prototheca spp. induce an inflammatory response via mtROS-mediated activation of NF-κB and NLRP3 inflammasome pathways in bovine mammary epithelial cell cultures

Figure 4

Production of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-18 in bMECs. A, B and C Changes of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-18 in bMECs measured by ELISA and real time PCR, respectively. Treatment with MT (10 µM) for 12 h inhibited cytokine production in bMECs infected with P. bovis or P. ciferrii. The mRNA expression was analyzed according to the 2−∆∆Ct method and results were expressed as relative mRNA levels. Data represent means ± SD of 3 independent experiments. *P < 0.05 or **P < 0.01, difference compared to the control; #P < 0.05 or ##P < 0.01, difference compared to the P. ciferrii infection group; &P < 0.05 or &&P < 0.01, difference compared to the P. bovis infection group.

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Veterinary Research

ISSN: 1297-9716