Table 4 Median values and standard deviation for D-dimer, CRP (C-reactive protein), ferritin, iNOS (nitric oxide synthase) as well as for cytokines [interleukin 1β (IL-1β), interleukin 1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra), interleukin 6 (IL-6), tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interferon gamma (IFN-γ), and transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF-β1)] for group 1 (SARS-CoV-2) and 2 (BCG-SARS-CoV-2) in the moment of the sacrifice
From: Neuropathological lesions in intravenous BCG-stimulated K18-hACE2 mice challenged with SARS-CoV-2
All | 3–4 dpi | Development (5–8 dpi) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Group 1 | Group 2 | p-value | Group 1 | Group 2 | p-value | Group 1 | Group 2 | p-value | |
D-Dimer | 27.46 ± 11.29 | 33.68 ± 47.33 | 0.019 | 27.81 ± 7.45 | 33.68 ± 59.08 | 0.09 | 28.90 ± 13.42 | 57.72 ± 13.75 | 0.515 |
C-reactive protein | 4974 ± 1869.15 | 5234 ± 3278.97 | 0.094 | 4747 ± 1542.37 | 4096 ± 827.52 | 0.621 | 6073.65 ± 1961.56 | 7490.39 ± 1795.22 | 1 |
Ferritin | 1258.20 ± 391.65 | 1038.48 ± 515.15 | 0.107 | 1107.62 ± 301.28 | 1046.96 ± 688.12 | 1 | 1416.33 ± 466.70 | 1059.17 ± 624.00 | 0.515 |
iNOS | 49.59 ± 16.62 | 29.91 ± 14.55 | 0.01 | 52.62 ± 15.71 | 29.40 ± 8.04 | 0.013 | 35.26 ± 14.32 | 25.79 ± 19.87 | 0.869 |
IL1-β | 8.035 ± 87.19 | 7.85 ± 3.93 | 0.821 | 20.8 ± 13.58 | 10.7 ± 3.64 | 0.652 | 4.23 ± 3.68 | 6.94 ± 4.52 | 1 |
IL-ra | 220 ± 149.02 | 149 ± 79.69 | 0.165 | 223 ± 87.68 | 124 ± 90.63 | 0.0956 | 165 ± 265.04 | 190.5 ± 59.68 | 1 |
IL-6 | 2.32 ± 78.69 | 3.78 ± 55.98 | 0.941 | 2.64 ± 108.05 | 3.78 ± 7.42 | 0.943 | 4.13 ± 14.59 | 5.46 ± 90.55 | 1 |
TNF-α | 2.5 ± 102.92 | 4.55 ± 2.73 | 0.01 | 2.34 ± 0.55 | 3.87 ± 3.01 | 0.022 | 3.71 ± 189.53 | 7.09 ± 1.63 | 0.515 |
IFN-γ | 0.219 ± 0.90 | 1.25 ± 8.47 | 0.096 | 0.15 ± 0.96 | 0.38 ± 1.50 | 0.0956 | 1.10 ± 0.57 | 2.86 ± 14.51 | 0.66 |
TGF-β1 | 4999 ± 4638.84 | 4010 ± 4247.79 | 0.941 | 3345 ± 4847.62 | 4010 ± 4396.57 | 0.757 | 5678.5 ± 4550.38 | 3822 ± 4001.07 | 0.515 |