Figure 4

Autoagglutination at different growth stages. Liquid cultures of early-logarithmic (A), mid-logarithmic (B), and late-logarithmic (C) phases of growth in 50 mL tubes remained stationary for 12 h at room temperature. Samples were taken from the surface of the liquid culture at one-hour intervals, and the OD₆₀₀ value of the samples was measured with a microplate reader. The experiment was performed three times, and the means ± standard deviations from three experiments are shown. D Liquid cultures of late-logarithmic phase remained stationary for 10 h (asterisks express statistical significance between ZJ1208 and Δwza: * p ≤ 0.05, ** p ≤ 0.01, *** p ≤ 0.001, **** p ≤ 0.0001).