Figure 1

DP71L downregulates antiviral immune responses in DP71L stably expressing cells. A, C, and E 3D4/21 cells stably expressing DP71L-Flag or control vector, were infected with ADV-GFP A, HSV-GFP C, or VACV-GFP E (MOI = 1.0). Fluorescence microscopy was used to capture GFP images at 24 hpi, while the fluorescence levels were measured at both 12 and 24 hpi using a fluorescence modulator. The viral titers of each sample were determined through standard plaque assays conducted in A549 and Vero cells. B, D, and F Additionally, the concentrations of porcine IFN-β and IL-6 in the cell culture supernatant collected at 12 and 24 hpi were quantified using ELISA. G DP71L-Flag stably expressing PIB cells were infected specifically with HSV-GFP and GFP images were captured at 24 hpi. Fluorescence levels were measured at 12 and 24 hpi and the virus titers were determined by plaque assay, in Vero cells. H IFN-β and IL-6 secretion levels were quantified in cell supernatants using ELISA. The data represent at least two independent experiments with similar results, and the values are expressed as means ± SD for two biological replicates. Student’s t-test: *, P < 0.05; **, P < 0.01; ***, P < 0.001; ns, not significant.